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KM and terminological standards 23 September 2006
www.firenzetecnologia.it
www.personae.it
www.taccone.net
www.paolacapitani.it
Terminological standard collection 23 September 2006
by Piero Cavaleri and Paola Capitani
Merged glossary with the terms of ANSI, BS, ISO and UNI standards
http://www.biblio.liuc.it/scripts/thesauro/glossario.asp
pcavaleri@liuc.it paolacapitani@libero.it
knowledge board 28 February 2006
for a learning community about knowledge society
Revisione Standard SKOS 28 February 2006
proposta pcavaleri@liuc.it
vedere su forum il testo inglese/italiano
Multilingual terminology group 28 February 2006
cooperation with other collegues involved in terminology work in Europe(thesauri, glossary and others terminological tools)
Some main parts of ISO Standard 2788 28 February 2006
Herewith some main terms of ISO Standard 2788 in order to create a common field of interest in the area of thesari. The proposal is to merge 2788 and 5964, with 5963

ISO 2788/1986 – Documentation: Guidelines for the establishment and development of monolingual thesauri
Geneve, Iso, 1986

Subject indexing,information retrieval, thesauri,monolingual thesauri,preparation, rules (instructions)

Definitions (in the same order as they are listed in the Standard)

Document – any item, printed or otherwise, that is amenable to cataloguing and indexing (referred also to non printed media).

Indexing language – a ontrolled set of terms selected from natural language and used to represent, in summary form, the subjects of documents.

Thesaurus – the vocabulary of a controlled indexing language, formally organized so that the a priori relationships between concepts (for example as “broader” and “narrower”) are made explicit.

Indexing term – the representation of a concept, preferably in the form of a noun or noun phrase.

Preferred term – a term used consistently when indexing to represent a given concept; sometimes known as “descriptor”.

Non preferred term – the synonym or quasi synonym of a preferred term. A non-preferred term is non assigned to documents, but is provided ad an entry point in a thesaurus or alphabetical
index, the user being directed by an istruction (USE or SEE) to the appropriate preferred term; sometimes known as “non descriptor”.

Compound term – an indexing term which can be factored morphologically into separate components, each of which could be expressed, or re-expressed, as a noun that is capable of serving independently as an indexing term. The parts of compound terms can be distinguished as follows:
a.the focus or head, i.e. the noun component which identifies the general class of concepts to which the term as a whole refers. Ex.: the noun component “indexes” in the compound term “printed indexes”
b.the difference or modifier, i.e. one or more further components which serve to narrow the extension of the focus and so specify one of its subclasses. Ex: the adjective “printed” in the compound term “printed indexes”.

Qualifier – part of descriptor written between hyphens, becomes an integral part of the term.

Node label: a “dummy” term not assigned to documents when indexing, but inserted into the systematic section of some types of thesauri to indicate the logical basis on which a category has been divided; sometimes known as “facet indicator”.

Abbreviations and symbols
SN - Scope Note; a note attached to a term to indicate its meaning within an indexing language
USE - The term that follows the symbol is the preferred term when a choice between synonyms or quasi-synonyms exists
UF - Use for; the term that follows the symbol is a non-preferred synonym or quasi-synonym
TT -Top term; the term that follows the symbol is the name of the broadest class to which the specific concept belongs; sometimes used in the alphabetical section of a thesaurus.
BT -Broader term; the term that follows the symbol represents a concept having a wider meaning
BTG - Broader term (generic)
BTP - Broader term (partitive)
NT -Narrower term; the term that follows the symbol refers to a concept with a more specific meaning
NTG - Narrower term (generic)
NTP - Narrower term (partitive)
RT -Related term; the term that follows the symbol is associated, but is not a synonym, a quasi-synonym, a broader term or a narrower term

Forms of terms

Nouns and noun phrases

An indexing term should preferably consist of a noun or a noun phrase. Noun phrases belong to the category of compound terms, and occur in two forms:
a. adjectival phrases special libraries
b. prepositional phrases hospitals for children

Choice of singular or plural forms
a.count nouns, i.e. constables objects that are subject to the question “how many?”: these should be expressed as plurals
documents, animals, political parties, libraries, men
b.non count nouns, concepts which are subject to the question “how much?”: these should be expressed as singulars
paint, steam, history, personality, sociology, immigration
c.where the singular and plural forms of a term refer to different concepts both should be entered in the thesaurus. If necessary the distinction should be indicated by a qualifying
term or phrase
wood (material) woods (areas of woodland)

Homographs or polysemes

Words with the same spelling but different meaning. These must be followed by a qualifying word or phrase.

Loan words and translation of loan words

Terms from other languages are sometimes encountered as “loan words”, i.e. foreign terms which are accepted as newly coined terms. If these terms are well-established they should be incorporated into the thesaurus. Occasionally a loan work and a putative translation co-exist. If the loan word is more widely accepted, it should be treated as the preferred term, but if the translation becomes well-established, this should be preferred. Reciprocal references should be made between the preferred and non-preferred terms..
Basket Management Marketing Merchandising Computer Software


Slang terms and jargon

These may be encountered when indexing